Developing a Change Management Scale According to the Kaizen Strategy in the Administrative Bodies of Iraqi Premier League Football Clubs from the Players' Perspective

Abstract

The researchers took a series of procedures and measures related to the construction of a Change Management scale according to the Kaizen strategy. This work was conducted on the administrative bodies of the Iraqi Stars League football clubs. To achieve the research objective, the researchers employed the descriptive method, identifying the research population as the players of the Iraqi Professional Football League clubs for the 2024-2025 season, totaling (460) players belonging to (20) clubs, with (23) players per club. The sample was determined to include (300) players (15 players from each club, with 8 players excluded from each club for various reasons).

The total sample was divided into three groups:

- The survey sample consisting of (30) players, deliberately selected, representing the clubs of Al-Najaf and Karbala, accounting for (10%) of the sample.

- The construction and preparation sample consisting of (120) players, representing (8) clubs, selected randomly, accounting for (40%).

- The application sample comprising the remaining (10) clubs with (150) players, representing (50%).

Scientific research procedures and contexts were adopted to build a specialized scale to measure Change Management in its assumed domains among the player group representing the research population. Statistical and analytical applications enabled the researchers to reach satisfactory and acceptable results, including the following conclusions:

1. 1. The constructed Change Management scale is valid and capable of measuring what it was designed to measure.
2. 2. There is a moderate, somewhat sluggish level of Change Management in the Iraqi Stars League football clubs, as indicated by the results.
3. There are varying strengths of correlation relationships between Change Management and its domains..

The researchers recommended:

1. Adopting global curricula and standards related to quality management, including the Kaizen strategy and others, in evaluating the performance level of clubs in the Iraqi Stars League for football.
2. Implementing administrative development programs within the annual training programs planned by the administrative bodies of the Iraqi Stars League football clubs.