The role of physical and psychological training in improving the performance of rhythmic gymnastics among third-year female students at the University of Baghdad

Abstract

This research aimed to identify the role of physical and psychological training in improving the rhythmic gymnastics performance of third-year female students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad. The researcher used a descriptive survey methodology, deemed suitable for the nature and objectives of the research. A purposive sample of 200 female students was selected. The research instrument consisted of a questionnaire specifically designed to measure perceived physical abilities, including muscular strength, flexibility, balance, and agility, in addition to a scale measuring psychological training and performance level in rhythmic gymnastics. The reliability of the instrument was verified using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was 0.629, an acceptable level for descriptive studies. The results showed a positive attitude among the sample towards most of the research axes, as muscular strength, balance, and agility recorded high levels of awareness, while individual differences appeared in some indicators of flexibility and motor fluidity. The results also showed that psychological training contributes to improving focus, stress control, and self-confidence, which is reflected positively on the level of technical performance. The research concluded that the integration between physical and psychological training represents a key factor in improving the performance of rhythmic gymnastics and recommends the need to adopt comprehensive training programs that consider this integration within sports educational institutions.