The Effect of Gradual Intensity of Mini-Playing in Diverse Tactical Situations on Developing Cognitive Effort and Decision-Making Skills among Primary School Futsal Students

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the effect of gradually increasing the intensity of mini-playing, when employed within diverse tactical situations, on developing cognitive effort and decision-making skills among fifth-grade primary school students in futsal. The researchers used an experimental design with two groups (control and experimental) and pre- and post-tests. The sample consisted of 20 students randomly divided into two equal groups. The experimental group participated in a training program based on mini-playing with gradually increasing intensities (number of players, area, time) within tactical situations that simulated a real-life playing environment, while the control group received traditional lessons. Cognitive effort was measured using the NASA-TLX scale, and decision-making skills were assessed using a field test based on illustrated scenarios. The results showed statistically significant differences favoring the experimental group in both variables. The study recommends integrating progressive mini-games into physical education curricula as a stimulating teaching method that fosters strategic thinking and action among students.